Wrench.



C. A. TORNBERG.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED 001222, 1913.

' 1,106,752. Patented Aug.11,1914,

In um [HEW mun CARL A TORNBERG, OF MARATHON, FLORIDA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed October 22, 1913.Serial No.

Patented Aug. it, 1914. 796,580.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARL A. TORNBERG, acitizen of the United States, residing at Marathon, county of Monroe,and Stateof Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin \Vrenches, of which the following is a specification.

. This invention relates to wrenches, and may be more particularlyidentified with that class of wrenches known as ratchet wrenches.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a wrench of suchconstruction as may be efficiently employed in the adjustment or removalof nuts to or from bolts so positioned as to render the sameinaccessible to the ordinary wrench.

A further object of my invention is to provide a wrench of thischaracter equipped with means for rendering the same applicable to nutsof different sizes.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a wrench forattaining these ends WhlCh is of such construction as to permit of amaximum amount of power being imparted to the-nut engaging means forminga part thereof.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a wrench of thecharacter set forth which is simple in construction, composed of but fewparts, which may be dis ointed when not in use to occupy but littlespace for convenience in packing or storing, and yet which, whenassembled for operation, will prove a most powerful instrument; theconstruction and arrangement of the severah parts which go to make upthe complete instrument being such that in the event of breakage or ofthe wearing out of any of the various parts, the same may be re placedat very low cost and may be easily and quickly applied to theinstrument.

VVi th these objects in view, together with others which will appear asthe description proceeds, my invention consists in a stock substantiallysmall in diameter and of a length to be easily manipulated and held inthe hands, nut engaging means at one end and a hand grip at the oppositeend, a lever in ratchet connection with said stock intermediate t-heends thereof and means adjacent said lever whereby a Wrench or otherlever may be applied to assist in imparting rotary motion to the saidstock.

My invention further consists in the ar rangement of the stock as abovebriefly described, the nut engaging end of said stock being providedwith a socket adapted to receive the uniform shanks of variously sizednut engaging cups and means upon said stock for securing said shankswithin said socket.

My invention still further arrangement as said hand grip arranged as totached from the in consists in the thus briefly described, the and thesaid lever being so be easily and quickly desaid stock to facilitatepackor shipping the device. y invention still further novel arrangementand combination of parts all as will be more fully described hereinafterand particularly pointed out in the claims.

My invention will be more readily under stood with reference to theaccompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure l is a side elevation of a wrenchconstructed in accordance with my invention, Fig. 2 is a section takensubstantially upon the line m-m of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a frag: mentarysection taken through the ratchet device longitudinally of the stock,the said stock being shown in elevation, Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailsection taken substantially upon the line g 1 of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is asection taken upon the line z'a of Fig. 4, Fig.

6 is an end view of the stock employed in carrying out my invent-ionillustrating the socket, Fig. 7 is an end view of a nut engaging cupadapted to be used in connection with my improved wrench, and Fig. 8 isa side elevation thereof.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing, 1 represents generallythe stock forming a part of my invention. This stock may be made in any.desired length, and is shown in the present instance of such length asto be conveniently handled by the operator, and is of a diameter of suchsize as to allow of the insertion of the stock into small spaces and yetwhich is sufficiently large to withstand the severe strains incident todevices of this character.

It is one of the principal objects of my invention to enable a wrench ofthis character to be employed in removing variously sized nuts, and tothis end I provide in one end of the stock 1 a socket 2', which may besquare, hexagonal or octagonal as desired to receive a correspondinglyshaped shank 3 of the nut engaging cup 4, a set screw or other securingmeans 5 being provided adjacent consists in the the end of the stock toengage the inserted .end 3 of the nut socket to prevent the same frombecoming disengaged from the stock. By this means it is obvious that nutengagng cups of various sizes may be employed 1n connection with mywrench, the advantages of which are apparent. The opposite end of thestock 1 is provided with a suitable hand grip 6, removably secured tothe stock in any suit-able way, a set screw 7 being employed in thepresent instance.

by an ordinary monkey wrench or other suit' able lever. A similarsquared portion 9 is provided adjacent the squared portion 8, beingseparated therefrom by a narrow bearing surface 10 and a flange 11, thepurposes of which will be more fully described later. The stock or bodyportion of the wrench is reduced in diameter as at 12 from the squaredportion 9 to the end to which the hand grip 6 is attached, and isprovided adjacent the said squared portion 9 with a threadedportion 13.

A lever 14 is employed in connection with the stock of my wrench toassist in applying rotarymotion to the said stock, andin order that thestock may be rotated-in opposite directions, necessary in applying orremoving nuts from a bolt, the lever is in ratchet connection with thesaid stock -and means is provided upon the lever for operating theratchet mentioned to rotate the stock in the desired direction. Inattaining this end the lever 14 is bifurcated, the bifurcations 15 and16 being provided with openings, the opening in the bifurcation 16 beingsufiiciently large indiameter to pass over the squared portion 9 of theshank and rest upon the bearing surface 10 adjacent the flange 11thereon. The opening in the bifurcation 15 is substantially smaller, andis adapted to be limited in its movement in one direction upon the stockby engagement with a shoulder 9' formed by the joining of the reducedend 12 of the stock with the squared portion 9. A. pair of ratchetwheels 17 and 18, each provided with a squared bore as at 19 to fit overthe squared portion 9 upon the stock, is

provided and the said ratchet wheels are adapted to be held thereonbetween the bifurcated ends of the lever 14. It will be seen that byreason of the squared bores of the ratchet wheels engaging over thesquared portion upon the stock that rotation imparted to the ratchetwheels will at once be transmitted to the said stock, and in order thatthe lever 14 may be employed to supply this power, a pair of pawls- 20and 21 is provided, eachpivoted at its intermediate portion to a pin 22secured to the bifurcated end of the lever 14, and adapted at theirouter extremities to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheels 17 and 18respectively. The

inner end of each pawl is provided with a transverse groove 23, withinwhich the free end of a spring 24 is adapted to fit, in order that thepawls may be normally held in engagement with the teeth of the ratchetwheels.

pawls may be used selectively to engage the respective ratchet wheels inorder that motion may be imparted to the'stock in the desired direction.

The means employed in the present invent on for selectively operatingthe pawls consists in the arrangement of a ring 25 upon the lever 14 andadjacent the inner ends of the pawls 20 and 21. The said ring isprovided with a peripheral flange 26, substan-. tially semi-circular inform and extending beyond the ring 25 a distance sufiicient to engageover the ends of the pawls 20 and 21.

The ratchet wheels are provided I with oppositely disposed teeth so thatthe Stops 27 and 28 are provided upon the lever 14 to limit the rotarymovement of the selective ring 25. Referring to Fig. 4 of the drawingsit will be seen that upon rotation of the ring 25 the inner ends of thespring pressed pawls will be engaged by the'peripheral flange 26 todisengage the opposite end of the respective pawls from the teeth oftheir res ective ratchet wheels. t is also obvious that the stops 27 and28 provided upon the lever limit the rotation ofthe ring 25, and thatthe construction of the flange 26 permits only one of the p'awls to bein enga ement with the respective ratchet wheels during the operation. Aspacing 1nember-29 is provided upon the lever 14 -and extends outwardlybetween the bifur- .cated end of said lever to form a yoke 30,

and by this construction the ratchet wheels and pawls are held inspaced'relation to each other. It is preferred that the lever be soarranged as to permit of the same being detached when not in use so asto occupy but little space in a tool kit or other and in accomplishingthis end receptacle,

The handle the said lever is in sections.

portion 14 forms one section while the bifurcated portion forms another,the inner end of the bifurcations 15 and 16 and of the spacing member 29being formed into a comin any suitable manner and mom head 30 providedwith a threaded extension 31 for en agement with a socket 32 formed inthe end of the lever 14. The adjacent end of the lever 14 is enlarged orflared as at 33 to be larger in diameter than the head 30 of thebifurcated section, and the annular shoulder formed by the outwardlyextending enlargedportion 33 of the lever forms a suitable. seat for thering 25 constituting the pawlcontrolling device. When the bifurcated endof the lever. carrying the ratchet wheels and pawls in engagementtherewith is positioned properly upon the stock, a washer nutand locknut 342 and 35 respectively are then placed in position over the threads13' of the stock in order that the said lever may be held securelyagainst displacement.

It is obvious from the construction that a device arranged in accordancetherewith will prove of great value to the mechanic, as the wrenchmapbeused to manipulate nuts so positioned as to be inaccessible to theordinary wvrench, the arrangement of the nut engaging cups also being ofparticular advantage, as with the standard sized shank adapted to fitwithin the socket in theend of the stock, the nut engaging portion mayhe made to fit any sized nuts and still be'applicable to. the wrench.

From the descriptionlthe o eration of the operating lever through tiepawl and ratchet connections with the steel; is obvious, and should itbe necessary to apply more power to the stool? than iscapable of .beingapplied through the lever, a wrench or other lever may be applied to thesquared portion 8 to assist in rotatingathe stock. The arrangement ofthe ratchet lever in connection with the stock enables he said stock tobe held securely over the nut while ,the few turns of the stock arebeing made preparatory to applying greater power in tightening the nutupon the bolt, or in others, the tool may be readily held in'position bymeans of the lever 14 while the nut is being turned by means of the grip6.

1. A wrench comprising a stock provided at one end with nut engagingmeans and at its opposite end with a hand grip, said stock beingprovided intermediate its ends with a squared portion, said stock beingreduced in diameter from one end of said squared portion to said handgrip, and provided a'djacent the opposite end of said squared portionwith a bearing surface, a lever provided with a bifurcated end, saidbifurca tions provided with apertures adapted to fit upon said bearingsurface and upon the reduced stock portion adjacent said squared portionrespectively, a pair of ratchet wheels, each provided with a squaredbore and oppositely disposed teeth, said wheels being adapted to fitupon said squared porlio iies of this patent may be obtained for fivecents each, by addressing Washington, D. it,"

tion between the bifurcated end of said lever, a spacing member securedto said lever and extending between said ratchet Wheels for holding thesame in spaced relation, a pair of pawls secured upon said lever andcooperating with said ratchet wheels, selective means for operating saidpawls, and means for holding said lever in position upon said stock,substantially as described.

2. A wrench comprising a stock provided at one end with means forengaging a nut and at its opposite end with a hand grip, said stockintermediate its ends being provided with a squared portion, a bearingsur face on each side of said squared portion, one of said bearingportions being in diaincter equal to the diagonal of the squaredportion, and the other bearing surface being in diameter equal to thediameter of said squared portion, a flange on said stock beyond thelarger bearin portion and said stock being threaded adjacent the smallerportion;

ratchet wheels mounted upon said squared portion, a lever rotatablymounted upon said bearing portions, means connecting said ratchet wheelswith said lever, and a nut for engagement with said threads,substantially as described.

3. A wrench comprising a stock provided at one end with means forengaging a nut and at its opposite end with a hand grip, said stockintermediate its ends being provided with a squared portion, a bearingsurface on each side o'fsaid squared portion, one of said bearingportions being in diameter equal to the diagonal of the squared portionand the other bearing surface being in diameter equal to the diameter ofthe squared portion, a flange on said stock beyond the larger bearingportion and said stock being threaded adjacent the smaller portion;ratchet wheels -1nounted upon said squared portion, a lever providedwith hearing sockets for engagement over said large and small bearingportions' respectively beyond said. ratchet wheels, means connectingratchet wheels with said lever, and a nut for engagement with saidthreads for retaining said lever and ratchet wheels in position uponsaid stock, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL A. TOR-NBERG.

Witnesses H. B. ALLEN,- H. C. GA'rEs.

the Commissioner of Patents,

